A Community-Based Intervention for Improving Function in Older Adults

This study assessed whether a 12-week multifaceted Fit and Fall Proof exercise program, could improve function and balance in older adults when delivered by trained volunteers and lay personnel, and implemented in locations of convenience for this population. Volunteers received training in the intervention consisting of strength and balance exercises. Three treatments were studied in a group-randomized cluster design: two exercise regimes (two and three sessions per week) and an attention control group (ACG). Groups were randomized to nine sites and participants were measured at baseline and 6, 9, and 12 weeks. The modified Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and functional measures (arm curl, 8-foot up-and-go, and 30-s chair stand) were assessed. Hierarchical linear statistical models were used to compare outcomes among treatment groups and changes across time. Sixty-nine participants ( M age = 78 years, SD = 7.2) completed the study. At baseline, treatment groups did not differ. At the end of 12-weeks participants in the exercise groups improved significantly over the ACG in arm curl (estimated four arm curls, p < .001), up-and-go (estimated 1.8 s, p < .001), and BBS (estimated 4 points out of 30, p < .001). No significant differences were found for the 30-s chair stand. This study demonstrates that the Fit and Fall Proof program, delivered by volunteers and lay-personnel, can be effective for improving older adult function and balance. In addition, the exercise program can be delivered in locations that older adults can easily access, such as assisted living facilities and senior centers.