A conceptual framework to structure research in strategic and social entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship can be characterized as consisting of two distinct approaches: social and commercial orientation. We present the validity network schema (VNS) to better understand these two orientations. The VNS is a framework that describes the components, stages, and paths for conducting research. The components of research reflect three domains: methodological, conceptual, and substantive. Social entrepreneurs generally begin their research efforts in the substantive domain, whereas commercial entrepreneurs initiate research in the conceptual domain. The article delineates ways in which researchers and practitioners whose focus is on one entrepreneurial orientation can learn from the other, draw insights from the VNS, and consequently enhance their efforts.