@inproceedings{1c4d8998425d425b8c8fd82ec2e3c954,
title = "Automated Noise-Parameter Measurements of Cryogenic LNAs",
abstract = "This paper addresses the need for measured cryogenic noise parameters. The measurement process is discussed and an analysis of the measurement uncertainty is performed. To verify proper operation of the measurement system, measurements of a 1-to-2-GHz radio-astronomy low-noise amplifier (LNA) at 20, 75, and 296 K are presented. In these measurements, the typical 1σ measurement uncertainty in noise temperatures and minimum noise temperatures is < 10\%.",
keywords = "Cryogenic electronics, Low-noise amplifiers, Noise parameters, Quantum computing, Radio astronomy",
author = "Alexander Sheldon and Leonid Belostotski and Hamdi Mani and Groppi, \{Christopher E.\} and Warnick, \{Karl F.\}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 IEEE; 97th ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference: Conducted and Ota Measurement Challenges for Urban, Rural and SatComm Connectivity, ARFTG 2021 ; Conference date: 25-06-2021",
year = "2021",
doi = "10.1109/ARFTG52261.2021.9639993",
language = "English",
series = "97th ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference: Conducted and Ota Measurement Challenges for Urban, Rural and SatComm Connectivity, ARFTG 2021",
publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",
booktitle = "97th ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference",
address = "United States",
}