TY - JOUR
T1 - Beyond the Matrix: The Many Non-ECM Ligands for Integrins
T2 - The many non-ECM ligands for integrins
AU - LaFoya, Bryce
AU - Munroe, Jordan A.
AU - Miyamoto, Alison
AU - Detweiler, Michael A.
AU - Crow, Jacob J.
AU - Gazdik, Tana
AU - Albig, Allan R.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2018/2/1
Y1 - 2018/2/1
N2 - The traditional view of integrins portrays these highly conserved cell surface receptors as mediators of cellular attachment to the extracellular matrix (ECM), and to a lesser degree, as coordinators of leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium. These canonical activities are indispensable; however, there is also a wide variety of integrin functions mediated by non-ECM ligands that transcend the traditional roles of integrins. Some of these unorthodox roles involve cell-cell interactions and are engaged to support immune functions such as leukocyte transmigration, recognition of opsonization factors, and stimulation of neutrophil extracellular traps. Other cell-cell interactions mediated by integrins include hematopoietic stem cell and tumor cell homing to target tissues. Integrins also serve as cell-surface receptors for various growth factors, hormones, and small molecules. Interestingly, integrins have also been exploited by a wide variety of organisms including viruses and bacteria to support infectious activities such as cellular adhesion and/or cellular internalization. Additionally, the disruption of integrin function through the use of soluble integrin ligands is a common strategy adopted by several parasites in order to inhibit blood clotting during hematophagy, or by venomous snakes to kill prey. In this review, we strive to go beyond the matrix and summarize non-ECM ligands that interact with integrins in order to highlight these non-traditional functions of integrins.
AB - The traditional view of integrins portrays these highly conserved cell surface receptors as mediators of cellular attachment to the extracellular matrix (ECM), and to a lesser degree, as coordinators of leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium. These canonical activities are indispensable; however, there is also a wide variety of integrin functions mediated by non-ECM ligands that transcend the traditional roles of integrins. Some of these unorthodox roles involve cell-cell interactions and are engaged to support immune functions such as leukocyte transmigration, recognition of opsonization factors, and stimulation of neutrophil extracellular traps. Other cell-cell interactions mediated by integrins include hematopoietic stem cell and tumor cell homing to target tissues. Integrins also serve as cell-surface receptors for various growth factors, hormones, and small molecules. Interestingly, integrins have also been exploited by a wide variety of organisms including viruses and bacteria to support infectious activities such as cellular adhesion and/or cellular internalization. Additionally, the disruption of integrin function through the use of soluble integrin ligands is a common strategy adopted by several parasites in order to inhibit blood clotting during hematophagy, or by venomous snakes to kill prey. In this review, we strive to go beyond the matrix and summarize non-ECM ligands that interact with integrins in order to highlight these non-traditional functions of integrins.
KW - counterreceptor
KW - disintegrin
KW - extracellular matrix
KW - immune system
KW - integrin
KW - stem cell
KW - Bacteria
KW - Growth factor
KW - Hormone
KW - Pathogen
KW - Venom
KW - Virus
UR - https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/bio_facpubs/536
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85041607268&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/ijms19020449
DO - 10.3390/ijms19020449
M3 - Article
C2 - 29393909
VL - 19
JO - History Faculty Publications and Presentations
JF - History Faculty Publications and Presentations
IS - 2
M1 - 449
ER -