Chemotaxonomy of Kōwhai: Leaf and Seed Flavonoids of New Zealand Sophora Species: leaf and seed flavonoids of New Zealand Sophora species

Owen Michael McDougal, Peter Brian Heenan, Nigel Brian Perry, John William van Klink

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6 Scopus citations

Abstract

<p> Chemotaxonomic analysis of k&omacr;whai leaf extracts in New Zealand are limited with previous reports of <em> Sophora tetraptera </em> having a flavonoid profile distinct from <em> S. microphylla </em> sensu lato and <em> S. prostrata </em> . Eight <em> Sophora </em> species are now recognised in New Zealand: <em> S. chathamica </em> , <em> S. fulvida, S. godleyi, S. longicarinata, </em> <em> S. microphylla, S. molloyi, S. prostrata </em> and <em> S. tetraptera </em> . We now report liquid chromatography-ultraviolet-mass spectrometry (LC-UV-MS) analyses of leaf and seed extracts of individual plants (2&ndash;16) from each of these eight species, plus the Chilean <em> S. cassioides </em> . All of the <em> S. tetraptera </em> leaf extracts had similar LC-UV-MS profiles, different from all of the other <em> Sophora </em> samples, consisting of four predominant compounds, characterised by MS and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy as: luteolin-7-O-rutinoside <strong> 1, </strong> luteolin-7-O-glucoside <strong> 2, </strong> apigenin-7-O-rutinoside <strong> 3, </strong> and apigenin-7-O-glucoside <strong> 4. </strong> The other <em> Sophora </em> leaf extracts showed complex flavonoid compositions, with no clear distinction between species. Most of the <em> Sophora </em> seed samples, including those of <em> S. tetraptera </em> , showed one major phenolic compound, but a few had a related compound. These were purified and characterised by MS and NMR spectroscopy as 3&prime; ,4&prime; ,7-trihydroxyisoflavone <strong> 5 </strong> (in most seeds) and its 7-O-glucoside <strong> 6 </strong> (in a few seeds), neither of which has been previously reported from these <em> Sophora </em> species.</p>
Original languageAmerican English
Pages (from-to)227-236
Number of pages10
JournalChemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations
Volume56
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Sep 2018

Keywords

  • Fabaceae
  • chathamica
  • fulvida
  • godleyi
  • longicarinata
  • microphylla
  • cassioides
  • molloyi
  • prostrata
  • tetraptera

EGS Disciplines

  • Chemistry

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