TY - JOUR
T1 - Multiphase flow behaviour and hazard prediction of pyroclastic density currents
AU - Lube, Gert
AU - Breard, Eric C.P.
AU - Esposti-Ongaro, Tomaso
AU - Dufek, Josef
AU - Brand, Brittany
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, Springer Nature Limited.
PY - 2020/7
Y1 - 2020/7
N2 - Pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) are dangerous multiphase flows originating from volcanic eruptions. PDCs cause more than a third of volcanic fatalities globally and, therefore, development of robust PDC hazard models is a priority in volcanology and natural hazard science. However, the complexity of gas–particle interactions inside PDCs, as well as their hostile nature, makes quantitative measurements of internal flow properties, and the validation of hazard models, challenging. Within the last decade, major advances from large-scale experiments, field observations and computational and theoretical models have provided new insights into the enigmatic internal structure of PDCs and identified key processes behind their fluid-like motion. Recent developments have also revealed important links between newly recognized processes of mesoscale turbulence and PDC behaviour. In this Review, we consider how recent advances in PDC research close the gaps towards more robust hazard modelling, outline the need to measure the internal properties of natural flows using geophysical methods and identify critical future research challenges. Greater understanding of PDCs will also provide insights into the dynamics of other natural gravity currents and high-energy turbulent multiphase flows, such as debris avalanches and turbidity currents.
AB - Pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) are dangerous multiphase flows originating from volcanic eruptions. PDCs cause more than a third of volcanic fatalities globally and, therefore, development of robust PDC hazard models is a priority in volcanology and natural hazard science. However, the complexity of gas–particle interactions inside PDCs, as well as their hostile nature, makes quantitative measurements of internal flow properties, and the validation of hazard models, challenging. Within the last decade, major advances from large-scale experiments, field observations and computational and theoretical models have provided new insights into the enigmatic internal structure of PDCs and identified key processes behind their fluid-like motion. Recent developments have also revealed important links between newly recognized processes of mesoscale turbulence and PDC behaviour. In this Review, we consider how recent advances in PDC research close the gaps towards more robust hazard modelling, outline the need to measure the internal properties of natural flows using geophysical methods and identify critical future research challenges. Greater understanding of PDCs will also provide insights into the dynamics of other natural gravity currents and high-energy turbulent multiphase flows, such as debris avalanches and turbidity currents.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85094631065&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/s43017-020-0064-8
DO - 10.1038/s43017-020-0064-8
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85094631065
SN - 2662-138X
VL - 1
SP - 348
EP - 365
JO - Nature Reviews Earth and Environment
JF - Nature Reviews Earth and Environment
IS - 7
ER -