@inproceedings{4104501b85714ba78a8593c96a25687d,
title = "Redundancy as a Measure of Fault-Tolerance for the Internet of Things: A Review",
abstract = "In this paper we review and analyze redundancy-based fault-tolerant techniques for the IoT as a paradigm to support two of the main goals of computer security: availability and integrity. We organized the presentation in terms of the three main tasks performed by the nodes of an IoT network: sensing, routing, and control. We first discuss how the implementation of fault-tolerance in the three areas is primary for the correct operation of an entire system. We provide an overview of the different approaches that have been used to address failures in sensing and routing. Control devices typically implement state machines that take decisions based on the measurement of sensors and may also ask actuators to execute actions. Traditionally state-machine replication for fault-tolerance is realized through consensus protocols. Most protocols were developed in the 80{\textquoteright}s and 90{\textquoteright}s. We will review the properties of such protocols in detail and discuss their limitations for the IoT. Since 2008, consensus algorithms took a new direction with the introduction of the concept of blockchain. Standard blockchain based protocols cannot be applied without modifications to support fault-tolerance in the IoT. We will review some recent results in this new class of algorithms, and show how they can provide the flexibility required to support fault-tolerance in control devices, and thus overcome some of the limitations of the traditional consensus protocols.",
keywords = "Availability, Distributed consensus, Fault-tolerant, Internet of Things, Redundancy, Sensors, State machine",
author = "Antonio Rullo and Edoardo Serra and Jorge Lobo",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.; 2nd International Workshop on Policy-based Autonomic Data Governance, PADG 2018 in conjunction with the 23rd European Symposium on Research in Computer Security, ESORICS 2018 ; Conference date: 03-09-2018 Through 07-09-2018",
year = "2019",
doi = "10.1007/978-3-030-17277-0\_11",
language = "American English",
isbn = "9783030172763",
series = "Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)",
publisher = "Springer Verlag",
pages = "202--226",
editor = "Seraphin Calo and Dinesh Verma and Elisa Bertino",
booktitle = "Policy-Based Autonomic Data Governance",
address = "Germany",
}