Resolving References to Objects in Photographs using the Words-As-Classifiers Model

David Schlangen, Sina Zarrieß, Casey Kennington

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapter

24 Scopus citations

Abstract

A common use of language is to refer to visually present objects. Modelling it in computers requires modelling the link between language and perception. The “words as classifiers” model of grounded semantics views words as classifiers of perceptual contexts, and composes the meaning of a phrase through composition of the denotations of its component words. It was recently shown to perform well in a game-playing scenario with a small number of object types. We apply it to two large sets of real-world photographs that contain a much larger variety of object types and for which referring expressions are available. Using a pre-trained convolutional neural network to extract image region features, and augmenting these with positional information, we show that the model achieves performance competitive with the state of the art in a reference resolution task ( given expression, find bounding box of its referent ), while, as we argue, being conceptually simpler and more flexible.
Original languageAmerican English
Title of host publicationProceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
DOIs
StatePublished - 2016
Externally publishedYes

EGS Disciplines

  • Computer Sciences

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