TY - JOUR
T1 - The Second Brain
T2 - Is the Gut Microbiota a Link Between Obesity and Central Nervous System Disorders?
AU - Ochoa-Repáraz, Javier
AU - Kasper, Lloyd H.
N1 - The gut-brain axis is a bi-directional integrated system composed by immune, endocrine, and neuronal components by which the gap between the gut microbiota and the brain is significantly impacted. An increasing number of different gut microbial species are now postulated to regulate brain function in health and disease.
PY - 2016/3/1
Y1 - 2016/3/1
N2 - The gut-brain axis is a bi-directional integrated system composed by immune, endocrine, and neuronal components by which the gap between the gut microbiota and the brain is significantly impacted. An increasing number of different gut microbial species are now postulated to regulate brain function in health and disease. The westernized diet is hypothesized to be the cause of the current obesity levels in many countries, a major socio-economical health problem. Experimental and epidemiological evidence suggest that the gut microbiota is responsible for significant immunologic, neuronal, and endocrine changes that lead to obesity. We hypothesize that the gut microbiota, and changes associated with diet, affect the gut-brain axis and may possibly contribute to the development of mental illness. In this review, we discuss the links between diet, gut dysbiosis, obesity, and immunologic and neurologic diseases that impact brain function and behavior.
AB - The gut-brain axis is a bi-directional integrated system composed by immune, endocrine, and neuronal components by which the gap between the gut microbiota and the brain is significantly impacted. An increasing number of different gut microbial species are now postulated to regulate brain function in health and disease. The westernized diet is hypothesized to be the cause of the current obesity levels in many countries, a major socio-economical health problem. Experimental and epidemiological evidence suggest that the gut microbiota is responsible for significant immunologic, neuronal, and endocrine changes that lead to obesity. We hypothesize that the gut microbiota, and changes associated with diet, affect the gut-brain axis and may possibly contribute to the development of mental illness. In this review, we discuss the links between diet, gut dysbiosis, obesity, and immunologic and neurologic diseases that impact brain function and behavior.
KW - CNS diseases
KW - Diet
KW - Dysbiosis
KW - Gut microbiota
KW - Gut-brain axis
KW - Obesity
KW - CNS disease
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85050577967&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-016-0191-1
U2 - 10.1007/s13679-016-0191-1
DO - 10.1007/s13679-016-0191-1
M3 - Review article
C2 - 26865085
AN - SCOPUS:85050577967
VL - 5
SP - 51
EP - 64
JO - Current obesity reports
JF - Current obesity reports
IS - 1
ER -